Find out whether basil is a perennial and how to make the most out of your harvest!
Have you ever wondered if basil can regrow every year on its own? That’s the question we’re exploring today: is basil a perennial?
Basil, known for its aromatic leaves and its use in cooking, is a staple in many gardens. Generally, it is a plant that lasts for one year and needs to be replanted annually, but in warmer regions, it can come back every year and a single plant can live up to 4 years!
But don’t worry if you live in a cooler climate. By understanding how to extend its harvesting period and implementing preservation techniques, you can ensure that the delightful flavor of fresh basil is available all year long!
In This Article
Is Basil a Perennial?
Basil is typically considered an annual herb, especially in temperate climates where it goes through its entire life cycle in a single growing season. This means that basil germinates, grows, flowers, produces seeds, and dies all within one year. When the temperature drops below 10°C (50°F), basil is vulnerable to damage and cannot survive the winter outdoors.
However, basil is technically a tender perennial. This means that under the right conditions, it has the potential to live for multiple years! In regions with warm climates (zone 10 and above) or controlled indoor environments, basil can thrive and return season after season.
In cooler climates, basil is mostly grown as an annual due to its sensitivity to frost. However, with proper care and the right methods, you can extend your basil’s life and harvesting season!
How to Grow Basil Year Round
Growing Wild Basil
Wild basil is a variety of basil that flourishes in cooler climates, allowing for a consistent supply of fresh basil regardless of the season. This resilient plant thrives in hardiness zones 4 to 9. Unlike other types of basil, wild basil has a milder flavor with a slight peppery taste and subtle hints of cilantro and anise. To grow wild basil in cooler regions, you can start seeds indoors and then transplant the seedlings after the last frost has passed. This will ensure a steady source of fresh basil throughout the year.
Growing Basil Indoors
With just a sunny window or grow lights, you can easily grow basil year-round and harvest fresh leaves whenever you need them for your recipes! If you’re already growing in containers, simply bring your plant indoors at the end of the season to continue growing it. Starting from seed indoors is also easy as long as there is enough warmth and light.
When growing plants indoors, it’s best to use a medium-sized pot filled with nutrient-rich potting mix. Plant 2-3 plants in a single container and ensure they receive 6-8 hours of light daily. If natural sunlight is insufficient, consider using grow lights to do the job. Keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy to prevent root rot and other fungal issues.
Growing in Green Houses
If you have a heated green house, then that’s a great way to grow basil year round!
How to Extend Your Basil Harvest
Harvesting frequently
Harvesting basil leaves frequently encourages the plant to put out even more leaves as well as grow stronger and bushier.
Pinching back flowers
This stops the plant from using its energy in producing seeds and instead focuses it on growing more leaves.
Using nursery starts
Growing basil from nursery starts gives you a head start in the season, allowing you to start harvesting sooner.
Starting seeds indoors
Start your basil from seeds indoors early on to have them ready for transplanting once the last frost date passes.
Using protective covers
To protect your basil from mild frosts, you can utilize row cover, cloches, cold frames, or polytunnels. These options provide physical barriers that help retain heat and sheild basil from the cold. By implementing these measures, you can extend the period during which you can harvest fresh basil and enjoy it for a longer time!
How to Preserve Basil
If you are unable to grow basil indoors for a year-round harvest, don’t worry, you can still preserve these delicious leaves in many ways to have a stable supply all winter long. Once the growing season has come to an end, harvest all the leaves from your basil plant and preserve them using any of the following methods:
Freezing
Blanch the basil leaves for about 30 seconds, then store them in air-tight containers or bags in the freezer. You can also freeze pureed basil in ice cube trays, and once the cubes are frozen, transfer them to a bag and store them in the freezer, freeing up your ice cube trays for other uses.
Drying
You can use a dehydrator, oven, or microwave to dry basil. Once the basil has dried, gently crush the leaves and store them in air-tight containers to maintain flavor. It’s best to avoid hanging basil, which causes the leaves to turn brown.
Pesto
Use your basil harvest to make a big batch of pesto which you can then freeze and use for your recipes whenever you need!
FAQ
Will basil come back if it dies?
Basil will not come back once it dies, and any dead and brown stems will not regrow.
Will basil reseed itself?
Basil can reseed itself the following year if conditions are favorable. However, there is always a chance that the seeds will not germinate properly, so it’s best to plant it yourself in the spring.
How cold is too cold for basil?
Basil is most healthy and productive when grown at temperatures ranging from 25 to 32°C (80-90°F). When temperatures drop below 10°C (50°F), the growth of basil slows significantly. Exposure to temperatures below 0°C (32°F) can lead to frost damage, causing the plant to die.
What are the best companion plants for basil?
Some of the best companion plants for basil are tomatoes, marigolds, peppers, oregano, and asparagus.
Can I grow basil from cuttings?
Yes, basil can be easily grown from cuttings:
To propagate basil from cuttings, start by selecting a healthy 10cm stem with leaves. Then, cut below a node (the point where leaves grow from), remove the lower leaves, and place the cutting in water. Remember to change the water every few days. Once roots form, transfer the cutting to a pot. With regular watering and adequate sunlight, it will grow into a healthy basil plant!
Can you refrigerate fresh basil?
You should avoid refrigerating basil as it makes the leaves turn black. It’s best to store fresh basil at room temperature to maintain its flavor and vibrant color.
Are you looking for a unique herb to add to your garden? Read this article to learn how to grow chocolate mint!
